Korean law and policy of support takes a dual-system: private and public support system. This system generally works on the basis of private support and provides, exceptionally, public support only if private support is not avaliable. As for the elderly, while the public support system derives from such statutes like “National Basic Living Security Act”, “Framework Act on Social Security”, “Welfare of Older Persons Act”, private support system depends on the Civil Act Art. 974-975. These provisions are placed on the chapter of family, which mainly treat the elderly parents support as a problem arising in the private sector. However, those provisions do not reflect specific features between children and parents by ignoring the differences among all types of family relationships. Under the provisions, for example, filial responsibility of children against their parents are dealt with as the same with one between other relatives, like grandparent and aunt or uncle. Also, while filial responsibility of parents against their minor children is treated as primary and compulsory, one of adult children against their indigent elder parents is subject to secondary and supplementary. This stance needs to be reformed in the manner of considering specific features between family members, so that private support system properly works for the elderly. By doing so, it becomes possible to establish an appropriate policy of the elderly support in the aging society.